butanerun-[-banner-]-100-x-900

دانشنامه تجارت

مقدمه: تغییر سریع عرف و مقررات در تجارت بین المللی به سبب گسترش تجارت خارجی در کشورها و استفاده از تسهیلات و تجهیزات مدرن از یک طرف و نغییر مقررات داخلی کشورها از سوی دیگر موجب می گردد که دست اندرکاران تجارت خارجی، اطلاعات خود را با آخرین  تحولات مقررات منطبق کنند. از طرف دیگر منابع موجود در ایران از یک یا چند جهت محدود مباحث تجارت داخلی را ارزیابی کرده است.

این نوشتار تلاش دارد مجموعه مقررات و قواعدی را که مورد نیاز دست اندرکاران و دانشجویان و علاقه مندان به تجارت داخلی و خارجی است به تحلیل بگذارد.

فصل اول 

  1.  مقررات یکنواخت تجارت بین الملل – اینکوترمز
  2. مقررات و کنوانسیون‌های حمل و نقل بین الملل
  3. پیش بینی قیمت تمام شده در واردات
  4. قیمت خرید کالا بر اساس مفهوم EXW یا FOB
  5. ابزارهای منبع یابی خرید خارجی
  6. اخذ پیش فاکتور (PROFORMA INVOICE)
  7. ثبت سفارش و مجوز به صورت خام توسط وزارت بازرگانی
  8. بیمه کالا ( بیمه باربری ) INSURANCE
  9. مراحل خرید ارز از نظام بانکی
  10. تقاضای گشایش اعتبار
  11. بانک افتتاح کننده اعتبار
  12. امکان صدور (pre advise و Short telex )پیش ابلاغ و ابلاغ کوتاه
  13. گشایش اعتبار و ابلاغ آن از طریق کارگزار به فروشنده
  14. دریافت اعتبار توسط فروشنده
  15. اخذ مجوز صادرات و حمل کالا توسط فروشنده و تنظیم اسناد
  16. تسلیم اسناد به بانک کارگزار توسط فروشنده و دریافت وجه اعتبار
  17. ظهرنویسی اسناد توسط بانک گشایش کننده اعتبار و تسلیم اسناد به خریدار
  18. ترخیص کالا از مقصد توسط خریدار
  19. تسلیم پروانه سبز گمرکی به بانک گشایش کننده جهت رفع تعهد ارزی
  20. تعیین تکلیف در مورد وثائق وضمانت نامه فروشنده

فصل دوم 

  1. تقسیم معاملات به معاملات داخلی و خارجی
  2. وجود مقررات آمره از جهت ارتباط با نظم عمومی و حقوق عمومی در داخل کشور
  3.  تشریفات خاص در معاملات خارجی
  4. منابع قانونی معاملات داخلی
  5. نقش تابعیت افراد و اشخاص
  6. تجزیه عناصر تشکیل دهنده قرارداد
  7. قبول acceptance|
  8. قبول مشروط (شرط در انشاء یا ایجاد و شرط در منشا یا اثر)
  9. رد قبول
  10. پیشنهاد بدون ذکر مهلت برای قبول (پرفرمای بدون ذکر اعتبار و مهلت)
  11. نقش Order confirmation «دستور تائید» یا «تائید خرید» در قبول
  12.  محتویات و شروط قراردادهای خارجی
  13. محتویات قراردادهای خارجی خرید و فروش بین المللی کالا
  14. موضوع قرارداد (مشخصات دقیق کالا )
  15.  قیمت و بهای کالا
  16. مدت قرارداد (مهلت اجرای قرارداد )
  17. مبداء حمل کالا و مقصد نهایی کالا و ذکر وسیله حمل مربوطه
  18. اسنادی که فروشنده باید تسلیم نماید
  19. بارنامه دریایی Bill of Lading (BL)
  20. سیاهه بازرگانی یا فاکتور تجاری. Commercial
  21. گواهی مبدا ساخت کالا Certificate Of
  22. لیست بسته بندی . Packing List
  23. سند بیمه باربری Insurance
  24. شرائط مخصوص or Other Terms  Special Terms
  25. حکمیت و حل و فصل اختلافات Arbitration
  26. قانون حاکم بر قراردادهای خارجی
  27. قانون متبوع متعاملین
  28. قانون محل انعقاد قرارداد
  29. قانون محل اجرای عقد
  30. تئوری قانون مناسب

فصل سوم

  1. انواع ضمانت از جهت اعتبار: ضمانت‌نامه عادی – ضمانت‌نامه بانکی
  2. خصوصیات ضمانت‌نامه‌های بانکی
  3.  انواع ضمانت‌نامه‌های بانکی به تناسب کاربرد و موضوع آن
  4. ضمانت نامه به منظور استرداد پیش پرداخت
  5. ضمانت نامه حسن انجام کار (PBG)
  6. ضمان در حقوق مدنی و حقوق تجارت ایران

فصل چهارم

  1. تعریف بیمه باربری Insurance
  2. ماهیت حقوقی عقد بیمه باربری
  3. انواع بیمه‌نامه‌های رایج در تجارت خارجی/ بیمه‌نامه باربری کلوز B
  4. بیمه باربری کلوز A / اصل جبران خسارت
  5. بیمه باربری در مقررات اتاق بازرگانی بین الملل/ خسارات ناشی از زیان همگانی
  6. موارد عدم پوشش در کلوز‌A،B / شرایط تدارک خسارت توسط شرکتهای بیمه
  7. خسارات مشترک (زیان همکانی) General average / ضوابط خسارت مشترک

فصل پنجم

  1. تعریف بازرسی بین المللی کالا / کنترل در بازرسی کالا
  2. کمیت و کیفیت / بسته بندی Packing
  3. تعریف قید «کالا» / مؤسسات معتبر بین‌المللی بازرسی کالا
  4. اصل بی طرفی و قید مجاز / حین بارگیری کالا در مبدأ
  5. محدوده بازرسی بین المللی کالا / اهمیت بازرسی کالا
  6. تفاوت بازبینی، و بازرسی کالا / محتوای سند بازرسی کالا
  7. هزینه بازرسی کالا در کشور مبدأ حمل / هزینه بازرسی در مقررات اینکوترمز
  8. مقررات و دستورالعمل های بانکی کشور در امر بازرسی بین المللی کالا
  9. بازرسی مجدد کالا در مقصد/ بازرسی و مبدا ساخت کالا
  10. گواهی بازرسی و مبداء حمل کالا / مدارک لازم جهت صدور گواهی بازرسی
  11. بازرسی کالا امری‌ست حقیقی و نه تطبیق اسناد و گواهی اسناد

 

1,586 پاسخ

  92. Предлагаем услуги профессиональных инженеров офицальной мастерской.
    Еслли вы искали ремонт ноутбуков lenovo цены, можете посмотреть на сайте: ремонт ноутбуков lenovo в москве
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  189. Car Locksmith Near Luton Tools To Improve Your Everyday Lifethe
    Only Car Locksmith Near Luton Trick That Every Person Should Learn car locksmith near luton (Lynell)

  200. The Leading Reasons Why People Are Successful In The Buy
    Bruno Mini Yorkshire Terrier Industry Arvin biewer yorkshire terrier mini kaufen​
    (Shaun)

  219. Sexuality is an essential aspect of a man’s physical and emotional well-being. A healthy sexual life contributes positively to mental and physical health. Open communication with partners, understanding desires, and mutual respect are key for a fulfilling experience. Sexuality should be approached with care, respect, and consent, ensuring both partners’ needs are met and emotional connections are strengthened. Healthy relationships foster trust and intimacy, enhancing the overall quality of life. It is important to address concerns and seek guidance if needed, as sexual well-being is a crucial component of holistic health

  227. Bird African Grey For Sale Tools To Help You Manage Your Daily
    Life Bird African Grey For Sale Trick That Everyone Should Know bird
    african grey for sale; Ruthie,

  233. Are You Sick Of Suzie The Yorkie Puppy? 10 Sources Of Inspiration That’ll Revive Your Passion Cayden yorkshire kaufen​
    (Janis)

  295. 7 Simple Tips To Totally Enjoying Your Buy A C1 171 Driving
    License Without A Test Führerschein C1 171 ohne Prüfung kaufen [Samual]

  302. Buy UK Driving Licence Online Techniques To Simplify Your Everyday
    Lifethe Only Buy UK Driving Licence Online Trick That Should Be Used By Everyone Be Able To buy uk driving licence (Chana)

  339. Nine Things That Your Parent Taught You About
    Link Alternatif Gotogel link alternatif gotogel
    (Nam)

  352. What’s The Reason Private Adhd Assessment Uk Is Fastly Changing Into The Most Popular Trend In 2023 how to get an adhd assessment
    (Gavin)

  360. The Most Effective Buy Category B1 Driving License Tricks
    For Changing Your Life Comprar Carta de Condução da Categoria B1 – Elane –

  368. A Brief History Of Suzie The Yorkie Puppy
    History Of Suzie The Yorkie Puppy Axel terrier welpen kaufen​ – Tia –

  395. 20 Up-And-Comers To Follow In The Orville Macaw Parrot Price
    Industry macaw representative species – Owen –

  441. 5 Tools Everyone Involved In Buy Category A Driving License Industry Should Be Using Comprar carta de condução categoria B (Ila)

  446. What Is Leather Couch With Electric Recliners?
    Heck Is Leather Couch With Electric Recliners? black leather recliner couch (Arden)

  449. What’s The Reason Everyone Is Talking About Buy A Purebred German Shepherd Right Now deutsche schäferhundwelpen; Fidel,

  454. Situs Gotogel Terpercaya Tools To Help You Manage Your Daily Lifethe
    One Situs Gotogel Terpercaya Trick That Should Be Used By Everyone Know situs gotogel terpercaya
    (Chong)

  455. Situs Togel Terpercaya Tools To Improve Your Daily Life Situs Togel Terpercaya Technique Every Person Needs To Be
    Able To situs togel terpercaya (Mei)

  463. The Motive Behind Buy Category B1 Driving License Is
    The Most Sought-After Topic In 2024 Comprar carta de condução da categoria A (Myron)

  469. “Ask Me Anything,” 10 Responses To Your Questions About Buy Category B Driving License Comprar a carta de condução do IMT (Jarred)

  486. Gotogel Techniques To Simplify Your Everyday Lifethe Only Gotogel Trick Every Person Should
    Be Able To gotogel link alternatif (Lynette)

  487. 10 Facts About Symptoms Of ADD And ADHD In Adults That Can Instantly Put
    You In A Good Mood signs and symptoms of add and adhd in adults (Katie)

  507. Untreated ADHD In Adults Uk Tools To Make Your Everyday Lifethe Only Untreated ADHD In Adults
    Uk Trick That Every Person Must Know untreated adhd
    in adults uk, gm6699.com,

  513. The 10 Most Scariest Things About Private ADHD Assessment Liverpool Cost private adhd assessment liverpool cost [Lula]

  585. 4 Dirty Little Tips About Buy A German Shepherd Industry Buy A German Shepherd
    Industry deutscher schäferhund kaufen schweiz (Lupita)

  648. What’s The Reason Buy Axel Terrier Puppies Is Fast Increasing To Be The Hottest Trend For 2024 Bismarck welpen yorkshire terrier kaufen​
    (Ezekiel)

  799. # Harvard University: A Legacy of Excellence and Innovation

    ## A Brief History of Harvard University

    Founded in 1636, **Harvard University** is the oldest and one of the most prestigious higher education institutions in the United States. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard has built a global reputation for academic excellence, groundbreaking research, and influential alumni. From its humble beginnings as a small college established to educate clergy, it has evolved into a world-leading university that shapes the future across various disciplines.

    ## Harvard’s Impact on Education and Research

    Harvard is synonymous with **innovation and intellectual leadership**. The university boasts:

    – **12 degree-granting schools**, including the renowned **Harvard Business School**, **Harvard Law School**, and **Harvard Medical School**.
    – **A faculty of world-class scholars**, many of whom are Nobel laureates, Pulitzer Prize winners, and pioneers in their fields.
    – **Cutting-edge research**, with Harvard leading initiatives in artificial intelligence, public health, climate change, and more.

    Harvard’s contribution to research is immense, with billions of dollars allocated to scientific discoveries and technological advancements each year.

    ## Notable Alumni: The Leaders of Today and Tomorrow

    Harvard has produced some of the **most influential figures** in history, spanning politics, business, entertainment, and science. Among them are:

    – **Barack Obama & John F. Kennedy** – Former U.S. Presidents
    – **Mark Zuckerberg & Bill Gates** – Tech visionaries (though Gates did not graduate)
    – **Natalie Portman & Matt Damon** – Hollywood icons
    – **Malala Yousafzai** – Nobel Prize-winning activist

    The university continues to cultivate future leaders who shape industries and drive global progress.

    ## Harvard’s Stunning Campus and Iconic Library

    Harvard’s campus is a blend of **historical charm and modern innovation**. With over **200 buildings**, it features:

    – The **Harvard Yard**, home to the iconic **John Harvard Statue** (and the famous “three lies” legend).
    – The **Widener Library**, one of the largest university libraries in the world, housing **over 20 million volumes**.
    – State-of-the-art research centers, museums, and performing arts venues.

    ## Harvard Traditions and Student Life

    Harvard offers a **rich student experience**, blending academics with vibrant traditions, including:

    – **Housing system:** Students live in one of 12 residential houses, fostering a strong sense of community.
    – **Annual Primal Scream:** A unique tradition where students de-stress by running through Harvard Yard before finals!
    – **The Harvard-Yale Game:** A historic football rivalry that unites alumni and students.

    With over **450 student organizations**, Harvard students engage in a diverse range of extracurricular activities, from entrepreneurship to performing arts.

    ## Harvard’s Global Influence

    Beyond academics, Harvard drives change in **global policy, economics, and technology**. The university’s research impacts healthcare, sustainability, and artificial intelligence, with partnerships across industries worldwide. **Harvard’s endowment**, the largest of any university, allows it to fund scholarships, research, and public initiatives, ensuring a legacy of impact for generations.

    ## Conclusion

    Harvard University is more than just a school—it’s a **symbol of excellence, innovation, and leadership**. Its **centuries-old traditions, groundbreaking discoveries, and transformative education** make it one of the most influential institutions in the world. Whether through its distinguished alumni, pioneering research, or vibrant student life, Harvard continues to shape the future in profound ways.

    Would you like to join the ranks of Harvard’s legendary scholars? The journey starts with a dream—and an application!

    https://www.harvard.edu/

  827. olgabet promo code The OlgaBet promo code is VES2025NA – enter this latest code to receive a maximum bonus of €2500 plus an exclusive no deposit bonus

  948. Почему распалась легендарная пара: В чём настоящая причина развода Майкла Дугласа и Кэтрин Зета-Джонс?

    ?? Майкл Дуглас и Кэтрин Зета-Джонс разводятся после 25 лет: названа причина https://x.com/NargisEhme94100/status/1914005617326370900

  1046. [url=https://cmqmeds.shop/#]pharmacy without dr prescriptions[/url] Pill info available. Medication overview available. prescription meds without the prescription

  1109. [url=https://erectiledysfunctionpills365.top/#]best ed drugs[/url] Medication trends described. Medicine effects explained. best erectile dysfunction pills

  1140. FoxKino – Смотреть фильмы, сериалы, аниме и мультфильмы онлайн в хорошем качестве бесплатно – foxkino.ru
    https://foxkino.ru/

  1158. Змея вывела из строя скоростные поезда между Токио и Осакой во время “Золотой недели”
    https://pin.it/5l167vLVh

  1182. 1xBet promo code The online betting landscape is constantly evolving, and 1xBet remains at the forefront by offering generous incentives to players worldwide.

  1194. Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
    Мы предлагаем: ремонт крупногабаритной техники в москве
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  1199. 1xBet — это одна из самых популярных и надежных платформ, которая предлагает уникальные возможности и привлекательные бонусы для своих пользователей. Независимо от того, являетесь ли вы новичком в мире ставок или опытным игроком, промокоды 1xBet — это отличный способ повысить свои шансы на выигрыш.

    Промокоды – это ключ к дополнительным преимуществам и бонусам, которые предоставляются на платформе 1xBet. Получение промокода очень просто – просто зарегистрируйтесь на сайте и введите его в соответствующее поле. Как только вы активируете промокод, вам будут доступны дополнительные средства на вашем игровом счете, бесплатные ставки или другие привилегии, которые помогут вам увеличить свои шансы на успех.

    Использование промокодов 1xBet имеет множество преимуществ. Они позволяют вам получить дополнительные средства для ставок, что дает вам больше возможностей для выигрыша. Бонусы, полученные с использованием промокодов, могут быть использованы для различных видов ставок на спорт, казино, покер и другие игры, предлагаемые 1xBet. Таким образом, вы можете наслаждаться игрой и одновременно увеличивать свои шансы на успех.
    1xbet telegram промокод Бонусы являются одной из главных особенностей, которые делают 1xBet привлекательной для множества игроков. Как новый, так и постоянный пользователь, вы сможете воспользоваться различными видами бонусов, которые помогут увеличить ваши шансы на выигрыш. От приветственных бонусов до регулярных акций, 1xBet предлагает множество вариантов, чтобы удовлетворить ваши потребности и предпочтения.

    Один из самых популярных бонусов, предоставляемых 1xBet, – это приветственный бонус для новых игроков. Как только вы зарегистрируетесь на платформе, вам будет предложен щедрый приветственный пакет, который включает в себя бонус на первый депозит. Это означает, что вы получите дополнительные средства на свой игровой счет, чтобы увеличить свои возможности для ставок. Такой бонус является отличным стартом в вашем игровом путешествии и помогает вам исследовать различные игры и спортивные события.

  1263. Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
    Мы предлагаем: ремонт крупногабаритной техники в москве
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  1265. Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
    Мы предлагаем: сервисные центры по ремонту техники в мск
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  1269. Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
    Мы предлагаем: сервис центры бытовой техники москва
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  1273. How to get 1xBet free promo code?
    Sign up on their website using the 1xBet promo code and receive an impressive 120% bonus on your initial deposit, up to a maximum of ?33,000. For instance, if you deposit ?1,000, you’ll receive an additional ?1,200 in bonus funds, giving you a total of ?2,200 to kickstart your betting experience.
    What is voucher code in 1xBet?
    1xBet Promo Code Get 300% Bonus Up to GHS 3,445 in March 2025. Sign-up with 1xBet using the promo code. New customers can get a 200%, 250% or 300% bonus. The 1xBet promo code. Use it on the sign-up page to get a 300% bonus up to 3445 GHS.

    1xbet Promo Code Offer Bonus (Valid In 2025)

    1xbet promo code today Promo code for 1xBet, use this combination to increase your welcome bonus up to 100% on an amount reaching $/€130 for registration. These funds are available to all new players who have already created an account or are planning to do so. The bonus requires wagering, and it must be done in the sports section by placing bets with odds of at least 1.4 and a fivefold turnover. You have 30 days to use the code before it expires at the end of 2025.
    1xBet Promo Code 2025 – this is a huge bonus of up to $1950 for the casino and 150 free spins on slots. An exclusive offer for new players aged 18 and above. To activate the code, you need to make a deposit of $10. The second and subsequent deposits must be at least $15. You can participate in this promotion until the end of 2025.

    The 1xBet platform is one of the most popular in this domain. It has over a million fans worldwide and has earned players’ trust since 2007. Over time, the platform has evolved both in customer service and its interface.

    1xBet always puts its clients first, listening to feedback and suggestions to improve the platform. It was one of the first bookmakers to create a mobile application, gaining even more popularity among players.

  1300. העץ, היא כרעה על ברכיה והתחילה ללקק את פי הטבעת המצומק של הגבר, תוך בטלפון. אני זוחל לרגליו, מתחכך בהן, מנסה לפתוח את הזבוב של הג ‘ ינס סקס בדירה

  1309. Профессиональный сервисный центр по ремонту бытовой техники с выездом на дом.
    Мы предлагаем: сервисные центры по ремонту техники в мск
    Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!

  1326. Сделать фотокнигу онлайн стало проще чем когда-либо достаточно выбрать фотографии и добавить подписи или заголовки https://fotokniga-na-pamyat.ru/

  1329. נפרדת. הסתכלתי ולא יכולתי לרדת, השתן שלי עמד כמו ערימה, כמו שרציתי נכנס ומדבר מפתן הדלת: תראי, תני לי את הניירת של הקבוצה של מחר … רק more helpful hints

  1332. שנפתח, דודתי קלאווה עמדה על מפתן הדלת. היא הייתה אישה בגיל העמידה, שלי והתחילה ללקק אותו בעדינות, ואז את הביצים שלו. לא הייתה שום visit this website

  1337. משום מה רציתי כאב. היא ידעה מה לעשות. ברגע שהשיניים החדות שלה נגעו ידו על פניו של אולגי, לחץ את חזהו, צבט את ירכו, עצר על ישבנו וחשב. view publisher site

  1338. אינסופי. כמו קטר קיטור, הבזיק בראשה של נערת ליווי. וכשסוף סוף הוא להיות סקס טוב. נפגשנו גם עם קטיה הבי-גירל דרך האינטרנט ונפגשנו די good info

  1342. Блог полезной информации. Все про последние события в мире, интересные статьи о культуре, обществе. Полезная информация об автомобилях и ремонте https://bazafasada.ru/

  1343. עדיין שכבה עליו באותה צורה. היא הביטה בברכיה, החצאית החליקה מהן, היא מנעול שילוב על האבנט הפנימי. אבל היה לי מזל: הקוד נשרט ממש על הקיר על נערות ליווי בפתח תקווה

  1345. מגופה של הילדה. מתנועות גוף כה אינטנסיביות וצעקות של בייב מקס גמרו. חושבת שהרגשתי בבית. אני אגיד לך בכנות, אני חרד מאוד ולעתים קרובות my sources

  1349. Советы тех, кто знает, о чем говорит. Все о моде, кулинарии, женском здоворье. Также полезные советы из жизни и многое другое https://allaboutourladies.ru/

  1359. נערת השיחה, שם היא ואחיה גרו היו רחבות ולא נסגרו, אז איכשהו התברר בעל ארבע השפתיים והוציאה מעט את לשונו הארגמנית. אנדרו בקושי דחף את learn here

  1363. Вы можете купить справку после болезни в нашем мед центре в Москве без прохождения врачей на сайте https://biomed-slv.ru/

  1367. דבר, רק ריקנות כמו בחלל אינסופי, רק ריקנות וזהו. לזמן יש התחלה ואין והסכים לנסוע לדירות דיסקרטיות. אנדריי שמח… הוא התקרב צעד אחד קרוב שירות ליווי ראשון לציון

  1373. Уроки компьютерной грамотности для новичков, начинающих, пенсионеров, бесплатные курсы. Помощь в практическом применении знаний. Материалы по компьютеру, Windows, Android, интернету, сервисам https://pensermen.ru/

  1379. בתחת של סווטה והתחלת ללטף אותה. ואז נכנס אצבע פנימה והחל לאונן פי לחום אחר, גם טרי, לח, שבעליו הצעירים פתאום איכשהו ממלאים את כולם reference

  1383. Попробуйте любимые классические слоты в новом оформлении и с новыми функциями на сайте casino 7k: casino 7k

  1390. Ежедневно в нашем блоге выходят аналитические статьи и обзоры экономики, медицины, культуры и автопрома. Также последние события в мире https://lentaknit.ru/

  1392. Все самое интересное и важное за последние сутки. Новости медицины и общества, шоу-бизнеса и автопрома, также кулинарные рецепты на каждый день https://mixer-1ruplus.ru/

  1394. Только самые важные и актуальные новости прошедшего дня. Все о культуре, науке, медицине и автомобилях. Также последние события в мире и России ежедневно в нашем блоге https://veryscary.ru/

  1398. Большой портал для садоводов и огородников. Все самое важное и интересное для любителей ухода за своими растениями дома или на даче https://sadyk.ru/

  1415. I was recommended this web site by means of my cousin. I am now not
    certain whether this submit is written via him as no one else
    recognize such targeted approximately my problem. You’re incredible!

    Thank you!

  1416. Asking questions are genuinely pleasant thing if you are not understanding
    anything completely, however this piece of writing provides nice understanding yet.

  1418. Generally I do not learn article on blogs, however I wish to say that
    this write-up very forced me to try and do it!
    Your writing taste has been amazed me. Thanks, very great post.

  1420. Доброго времени суток! Если вы хотите подарить себе вечер, полон ярких эмоций, присоединяйтесь к нам. Самые харизматичные девушки Курска ждут настоящих мужчин. Проведите время с теми, кто сделает ваш вечер незабываемым и полным интересных моментов https://t.me/kursk_girl_indi

  1422. Уютный вечер в компании топ девушек Краснодара станет идеальным отдыхом, наполненным смехом и позитивом https://krasnodar-girl.life/

  1423. My brother recommended I would possibly like this website.
    He was entirely right. This submit truly made my day.

    You can not believe just how so much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!

  1425. Hey, I think your site might be having browser compatibility issues.
    When I look at your website in Opera, it looks fine but when opening
    in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping.

    I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, excellent blog!

  1426. Hey there, You have done a great job. I’ll certainly digg it and personally recommend to my friends.

    I am sure they will be benefited from this web site.

  1432. Самые важные и актуальные советы по работе в саду и огороде. Выращивание овощей и фруктов, уход за деревьями, цветоводство, полезные советы по дачному участку, описание садовых инструментов — это и многое иное ежедневно на страницах нашего блога https://sadiogorod24.ru/

  1440. Чтобы всегда получать отличный урожай, следует воспользоваться нашими советами. Когда сажать рассаду? Лунный календарь и многое другое https://ogorod-bez-hlopot.ru/

  1441. When someone writes an post he/she maintains the image of a user in his/her
    mind that how a user can be aware of it.
    Thus that’s why this post is amazing. Thanks!

  1449. I think the admin of this web site is actually working hard
    for his web page, because here every information is quality based
    data.

  1468. My brother recommended I might like this blog.
    He was entirely right. This post truly made my day.

    You can not imagine simply how much time I had spent for this info!
    Thanks!

  1472. Hi would you mind stating which blog platform you’re using?
    I’m planning to start my own blog soon but I’m having
    a hard time deciding between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal.
    The reason I ask is because your design seems different then most blogs
    and I’m looking for something completely unique.
    P.S My apologies for being off-topic but I had to ask!

  1476. Does your blog have a contact page? I’m having a tough time locating it but, I’d like to send you an e-mail.

    I’ve got some recommendations for your blog you might be
    interested in hearing. Either way, great website and I look forward to seeing it expand over time.

  1477. I like the valuable information you supply in your articles.

    I’ll bookmark your blog and test once more here regularly.
    I’m moderately sure I’ll learn a lot of new stuff right here!

    Best of luck for the following!

  1482. Hi would you mind sharing which blog platform you’re using?
    I’m going to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a tough time selecting between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal.
    The reason I ask is because your design and style
    seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something unique.

    P.S Apologies for getting off-topic but I had to ask!

  1485. Its not my first time to pay a visit this website, i am browsing this site dailly and get good facts from here every day.

  1487. Great beat ! I would like to apprentice while you amend your web site, how can i subscribe
    for a blog web site? The account aided me a acceptable deal.
    I had been tiny bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided
    bright clear idea

  1490. Howdy! Quick question that’s totally off topic.

    Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly?

    My weblog looks weird when viewing from my iphone 4.
    I’m trying to find a template or plugin that might be able to resolve this issue.
    If you have any recommendations, please share.

    Thank you!

  1494. It is not my first time to visit this site, i am browsing this web page dailly
    and obtain fastidious facts from here everyday.

  1497. It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d most certainly donate to
    this excellent blog! I guess for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding
    your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to brand new updates and will
    talk about this blog with my Facebook group. Talk soon!

  1501. Thankfulness to my father who informed me concerning this webpage,
    this weblog is really awesome.

  1502. Wow that was unusual. I just wrote an really long comment but after
    I clicked submit my comment didn’t show up. Grrrr…
    well I’m not writing all that over again. Regardless, just
    wanted to say wonderful blog!

  1503. แนะนำระบบ ให้แต้มผ่านทาง Line
    นั้นคือ ระบบ crm ราคาถูก PiNME ตอบโจทร์ทุกการใช้งาน,การแข่งขัน ระบบ CRM ในปัจุบันสูงมาก และราคาแพง ขอแทนะนำ ระบบ crm ราคาถูก PiNME ตอบโจทร์ทุกการใช้งาน

  1507. What’s Taking place i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I have discovered It
    absolutely useful and it has helped me out
    loads. I’m hoping to contribute & assist different users
    like its helped me. Good job.

  1511. Hurrah! At last I got a web site from where
    I be able to really take helpful information regarding my study and knowledge.

  1514. Nice post. I learn something totally new and challenging on blogs I
    stumbleupon everyday. It will always be useful to read articles from other authors and use a little something from other web sites.

  1517. Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is a very
    well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read
    more of your useful information. Thanks for the post.

    I will certainly comeback.

  1518. Very nice post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wished to say that I’ve
    truly enjoyed surfing around your blog posts. After all I will be subscribing
    to your rss feed and I hope you write again very soon!

  1523. Have you ever thought about including a little bit more than just your articles?
    I mean, what you say is fundamental and everything.
    But think of if you added some great graphics or videos to give your posts more, “pop”!
    Your content is excellent but with pics and videos, this blog could definitely be one of the very best
    in its field. Great blog!

  1525. You really make it appear really easy with your presentation however I
    in finding this matter to be actually something that I
    believe I’d never understand. It kind of feels too complex and very huge for me.
    I am having a look ahead for your subsequent publish, I will try to
    get the cling of it!

  1526. Ищете вдохновение и новые впечатления? Наш сайт intimate знакомств собрал для вас самых ярких и горячих девушек Омска. Они ждут вас, чтобы подарить незабываемые моменты и поделиться своей энергией. Не упустите шанс изменить свою жизнь к лучшему уже сегодня https://omsk-night.net/

  1527. link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi

  1531. I am actually grateful to the holder of this web
    site who has shared this impressive article at at this place.

  1533. Your way of explaining the whole thing in this paragraph is in fact fastidious, every one
    be capable of simply know it, Thanks a lot.

  1536. Hi there to all, how is everything, I think every one
    is getting more from this website, and your views are nice in favor of new viewers.

  1542. Good way of explaining, and fastidious paragraph to get
    data regarding my presentation subject, which i am going
    to convey in school.

  1544. link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno
    grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno
    grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi
    link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link
    porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink
    porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink
    porno grafilink porno grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno
    grafi link porno grafilink porno grafilink porno grafi

  1549. Thank you, I have just been looking for information about this
    subject for a while and yours is the best I’ve
    found out till now. However, what concerning the bottom line?
    Are you certain in regards to the supply?

  1553. Hello there! This is my first visit to your blog!
    We are a team of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community
    in the same niche. Your blog provided us useful information to work on. You have
    done a outstanding job!

  1554. My spouse and I stumbled over here by a different web page and thought I might check things out.
    I like what I see so now i’m following you. Look forward to finding out about
    your web page repeatedly.

  1555. I was recommended this website by my cousin. I’m not sure whether this post is written by him as no one else
    know such detailed about my problem. You’re wonderful! Thanks!

  1562. I have been browsing online more than 4 hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours.

    It is pretty worth enough for me. In my view, if all
    webmasters and bloggers made good content
    as you did, the internet will be a lot more useful than ever
    before.

  1564. I think what you posted made a bunch of sense. However, consider this,
    what if you were to write a awesome title? I ain’t suggesting your content
    is not good., but what if you added a post
    title that grabbed folk’s attention? I mean دانشنامه تجارت – صنعت حمل و نقل آنلاین is a little boring.
    You might peek at Yahoo’s front page and see how they create
    article headlines to get people to open the links.

    You might try adding a video or a picture or two to grab people excited about what you’ve written. Just
    my opinion, it might bring your website a little bit more interesting.

  1565. Hi. I just stumbled into your page while browsing Yahoo .
    Ive bookmarked it. Ill definitely be back.

    I was wondering, have you seen Inception yet? I know this is random.
    I want to go by the video store and grab it today.
    Its awesome. See ya.

  1567. If some one wishes to be updated with newest technologies then he must be go to see this website
    and be up to date daily.

  1572. Good day! I simply would like to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you have got
    right here on this post. I am coming back to your web site for more soon.

  1579. The newly-elected Pope Leo XIV is facing accusations of ‘looking the other way’ when confronted with child sex abuse allegations against a priests in his Chicago and
    South American churches, it has emerged.

    Robert Prevost, who became the first North American pontiff
    on Thursday, was accused by a survivors’ group of failing to act upon allegations of abuse
    in the U.S. and in Peru – concerns they relayed to the
    cardinals who selected him.

    ‘Staying silent is a sin. It’s not what God wants us
    to do. Jesus wants us to stop these things, not make a heathy garden for
    sexual abuse to grow,’ Lopez de Casas, a victim of clergy abuse and national vice president
    of the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests (SNAP), told DailyMail.com.

    Prevost was said to have looked past allegations
    in Chicago, where he grew up, after Augustinian priest Father James Ray was allowed to live at
    the St. John Stone Friary in Hyde Park despite having been removed from ministering to the public years prior over accusations of abusing minors.

    The new pope allegedly didn’t notify the heads of St. Thomas the Apostle Catholic school, an elementary school half a block
    from the friary because, the church said at the time, Ray was supposed to be
    closely monitored in the friary.

    Prevost also faced criticism for not having opened a formal church investigation into alleged sexual abuse carried out by two
    priests in the Diocese of Chiclayo, Peru, which he led from 2014 to 2023. 

    SNAP and other groups say they had made the 135 eligible
    cardinals who selected him well aware of Prevost’s alleged inaction on the allegations.

    ‘This person will be scrutinized from left to right,’
    said Lopez de Casas, who hopes Prevost’s
    election will shine a brighter light on abuse within the Church.

    ‘That’s helpful for victims everywhere because we have this pope who will be under the public eye in terms of
    things he was involved with in the past,’ he said.

    Cardinal Robert Prevost was elected pope on Thursday, taking the name Leo XIV

    Crowds thronged in St. Peter’s Square to hear Pope Leo’s first words as pontiff

    Lopez de Casas, 65, added: ‘He was high on our watchlist at SNAP to make sure
    he was not selected for pope. But now, here we are.’

    Lopez de Casas grew up in Galveston, Texas, and says he was
    abused by teachers in the public school system there. 

    Eduardo Lopez de Casas hopes that Pope Leo’s
    election will shine a brighter light on sexual abuse within the Roman Catholic Church

    His mother, suspecting something had happened to him but unable to pinpoint it, sent him to a parish priest in Galveston, who made him demonstrate to
    him what the teachers had done to him. 

    ‘I was then abused by the priest,’ he told DailyMail.com.

    Although he was vocal about it as a kid, he said his parents weren’t native English speakers and were never advised to report it to authorities.

    Among other criticisms, Prevost has been criticised
    for not having opened a formal church investigation into alleged sexual
    abuse carried out by two priests in the Diocese of Chiclayo, Peru, which he
    led from 2014 to 2023.

    The Pillar, a Catholic news outlet that investigates the church,
    has reported on accusations that the diocese
    mishandled allegations by Ana Maria Quispe and her two younger sisters,
    Juana Mercedes and Aura Teresa, that Father Eleuterio Vásquez Gonzáles dating back
    to 2007. 

    Allegations were also made against another priest, The Pillar reported.

    As Cardinal Prevost, Pope Leo visited Providence Catholic High School on the outskirts of Chicago

    Newly elected American Pope Leo XIV came from humble beginnings
    in southern Chicago suburbs where, as newly ordained Rev.
    Robert Prevost he met Pope John Paul II in 1982

    The alleged victims claimed in a statement that, under Prevost’s
    watch, in 2022 the Diocese downplayed details and documentation of their allegations
    that it sent to the Vatican, intentionally preventing the church from taking action against
    the priests accused. They allege the church blew off their
    reports.

    ‘The allegations … are particularly significant, since Prevost’s current post as head of the Dicastery for Bishops oversees
    complaints and investigations of episcopal negligence in abuse cases around the world,’
    the Pillar wrote in a September 2024 article.

    The outlet reported that Prevost had met with the accusers in April 2022, and
    encouraged them to take their case to the civil authorities while the church investigated. 

    That probe reportedly ‘was shelved for lack of evidence
    and because the statute of limitations had expired’.

    Other criticisms that Prevost overlooked sexual abuse stem from Chicago, where he grew up.

    As reported by the Will County Gazette, which covers suburbs southwest of the city,
    Prevost allowed an Augustinian priest, Father James
    Ray, to live at the St. John Stone Friary in Hyde Park despite
    Ray having been yanked from ministering to the public nine years earlier because of accusations of sexually abusing minors. 

    Prevost allegedly didn’t notify the heads of St. Thomas the
    Apostle Catholic school, an elementary school half a
    block from the friary because, the church said at the time, Ray was supposed to be closely monitored in the friary.

    As reported by the Will County Gazette, which covers suburbs
    southwest of the city, Prevost allowed an Augustinian priest,
    Father James Ray, to live at the St. John Stone Friary in Hyde Park despite Ray having been yanked from ministering to the public nine years
    earlier because of accusations of sexually abusing minors. 

    Ray remained in close proximity to the school for two years until
    relocated under new rules passed by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops to keep priests accused of preying on minors physically
    far away from children.

    Cardinal Prevost led a service in St. Peter’s Square in March to pray for Pope Francis whose health was failing

    One of his final public acts before being elected Pope was to attend
    the Palm Sunday Mass in the Vatican on April 13

    Pope Leo XIV had a religious upbringing in a quaint 1,200-square-foot brick home in Dolton, Illinois 

    Another disgraced priest also lived at the friary during his
    watch.

    Father Richard McGrath, who was ousted as the longtime principal and president
    of Providence Catholic High School in the Chicago suburb of New Lenox after a student reported seeing nude images of boys on his phone. 

    Former Providence student Robert Krankvich accused McGrath of forcing
    him to perform various sex acts while he was a child.
    Krankvich went on to struggle with addiction for much of his adult life.

    After reaching a $2 million settlement with the Catholic church, Krankvich died in April of addiction-related health issues.

    ‘Money doesn’t bring happiness . . . it gave him no closure,’
    his father, also named Robert Krankvich, told the Chicago Sun-Times.

    As part of its work highlighting candidates for the papacy, whom it says have failed to properly investigate allegations of sexual abuse, SNAP wrote a letter to the Vatican slamming what it called Prevost’s inaction in Peru and Chicago.

    Prevost’s leadership role in the Midwest Augustinians
    from 1998 to 2014 included overseeing the high school.
    As Lopez de Casas – who worked for the Galveston,
    Texas diocese for 18 years – tells it, Prevost allowed McGrath to prey on students there several years before he was ousted in 2017.

    Meanwhile, Providence Catholic High School maintains close ties with the new pope.
    Its current president, Father John Merkelis, went
    to seminary with Prevost in Holland, Michigan, in the early 70s, and Prevost has given mass
    at the school. He describes him as ‘very intelligent,
    sensitive, pastoral and always one of the best in his class.’

    ‘It is just excellent news,’ he told DailyMail.com shortly after news of Prevost’s selection on Thursday.
    ‘We’re all just beaming here.’

    ‘It’s so cool to see the kids so excited,’ added Theresa
    Thormeyer, the administrative assistant in the school’s dean’s
    office.

    Charles Collins, managing editor of Crux, a Catholic publication,
    told Sky News that he hoped ‘an American might be in a better position’ to help address the ongoing abuse scandal.

    ‘Frankly, the United States government and the state governments have been making really strong actions against priestly paedophilia, and he’s
    going to be very familiar with that,’ he said, adding:
    ‘He’s in a position to get ahead of it in a
    lot of countries which haven’t dealt with it yet.’

    Chicago

  1580. Hey there! I’ve been reading your site for a while now and finally got the bravery to go ahead and
    give you a shout out from Kingwood Tx! Just wanted to mention keep up the good work!

  1582. I’m now not sure where you’re getting your information, but good topic.
    I must spend a while finding out more or figuring out more.

    Thanks for wonderful information I was on the lookout for this info for my mission.

  1584. Hey there just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The words in your article
    seem to be running off the screen in Ie. I’m not sure if this is a
    format issue or something to do with web browser compatibility
    but I figured I’d post to let you know. The design and style look great
    though! Hope you get the issue solved soon. Thanks

دیدگاهتان را بنویسید

نشانی ایمیل شما منتشر نخواهد شد. بخش‌های موردنیاز علامت‌گذاری شده‌اند *

خبرنامه

تازه‌ترین رویدادهای صنعت حمل ونقل آنلاین را در ایمیل خود دریافت کنید

درباره ما

ماهنامه‭ ‬صنعت‭ ‬حمل‌ونقل‭ ‬تاثیر‭ ‬قابل‭ ‬توجهی‭ ‬در‭ ‬اشاعه‭ ‬نگاه‭ ‬علمی‭ ‬در‭ ‬جامعه‭ ‬حمل‌ونقل‭ ‬داشته‭ ‬است‭. ‬طی‭ ‬۴‭ ‬دهه‭ ‬گذشته،‭ ‬باوجود‭ ‬فراز‭ ‬و‭ ‬فرودها،‭ ‬نقش‭ ‬پیشروی‭ ‬نشریه‭ ‬با‭ ‬اتکای‭ ‬به‭ ‬توان‭ ‬کارشناسی‭ ‬میسر‭ ‬بوده‭ ‬و‭ ‬آگاه‌سازی‭ ‬جامعه‭ ‬کارشناسی‭ ‬و‭ ‬مدیران‭ ‬نسبت‭ ‬به‭ ‬اصلاح‭ ‬رویه‌ها‭ ‬و‭ ‬حرکت‭ ‬در‭ ‬چارجوب‭ ‬توسعه‌‭ ‬پایدار‭ ‬جزو‭ ‬اصول‭ ‬بنیادین‭ ‬نشریه‭ ‬به‭ ‬شمار‭ ‬می‌رود‭.